ZIA CP010212 10833 (ZIA) | |||
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Title | Circulating Human miRNAs for Early Detection of Gastric Cancer | ||
Institution | NCI, Bethesda, MD | ||
Principal Investigator | Rabkin, Charles | NCI Program Director | N/A |
Cancer Activity | N/A | Division | DCEG |
Funded Amount | $10,853 | Project Dates | null - null |
Fiscal Year | 2018 | Project Type | Intramural |
Research Topics w/ Percent Relevance | Cancer Types w/ Percent Relevance | ||
Biochemical Epidemiology (45.0%) Cancer (100.0%) |
Colon/Rectum (30.0%) Esophagus (35.0%) Stomach (35.0%) |
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Research Type | |||
Exogenous Factors in the Origin and Cause of Cancer Endogenous Factors in the Origin and Cause of Cancer |
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Abstract | |||
Although incidence rates of gastric cancer are declining worldwide, absolute numbers of cases have leveled due to increased size and aging of high-risk populations. Chronic Helicobacter pylori infection is the primary cause of gastric cancer, but only a small proportion of infected individuals develop cancer during their lifetime. Biomarkers for the identification of the individuals at high risk as well as those in the early stage of the disease could enable effective strategies to prevent and control this disease. Noncoding small regulatory RNA molecules control gene expression at the post-transcriptional level and microRNAs provide one of the best examples in eukaryotes. To date, more than 2,500 mature miRNAs have been identified in humans (http://www.mirbase.org/). Accumulating evidence indicates that miRNAs are aberrantly expressed in a variety of human cancers and are crucial to tumorigenesis. Importantly, miRNAs can be found in various body fluids and therefore represent a potential biomarker. Multiple mechanisms may be hypothesized to release tumor-derived miRNAs into the systemic circulation. Prior studies have identified some significant differences in circulating miRNA profiles between gastric cancer cases and controls. However, there have been no systematic research efforts to replicate these results. Our proposal extends previous comparisons of candidate miRNAs in patients with invasive gastric cancer cases and healthy controls. |