ZIA CP010133-10398 (ZIA) | |||
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Title | Cancer Mortality in Russian Nuclear Workers Exposed to Plutonium and Protracted External Radiation | ||
Institution | NCI, Bethesda, MD | ||
Principal Investigator | Gilbert, Ethel | NCI Program Director | N/A |
Cancer Activity | N/A | Division | DCEG |
Funded Amount | $237,742 | Project Dates | 01/01/2004 - N/A |
Fiscal Year | 2012 | Project Type | Intramural |
Research Topics w/ Percent Relevance | Cancer Types w/ Percent Relevance | ||
Biochemical Epidemiology (45.0%) Cancer (100.0%) Radiation - Ionizing - Total (100.0%) Radiation - Ionizing Low Level (100.0%) |
Leukemia (10.0%) Liver Cancer (10.0%) Lung (30.0%) |
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Research Type | |||
Exogenous Factors in the Origin and Cause of Cancer Resources and Infrastructure Related to Etiology |
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Abstract | |||
A cohort of 26,000 Mayak nuclear facility workers (in the Russian Federation) is being studied because they comprise a unique occupational group for protracted exposure to external occupational radiation at high doses and exposure to plutonium. Dose-response relationships for exposure to external radiation were demonstrated for mortality from leukemia; lung cancer, liver cancer and bone cancer (analyzed as a single category); and all solid cancers other than lung cancer, bone cancer and liver cancer. Patterns of risk by sex, age at exposure and time since exposure were generally similar to those observed in A-bomb survivors. Mortality analyses have also clearly demonstrated that internal exposure to plutonium results in excess risks for lung cancer, liver cancer and bone cancer, the sites receiving the highest doses from plutonium. Dose-response analyses of lung cancer mortality indicated significant associations for both internal dose to the lung from plutonium and external dose (p < .001). These relationships were adequately described by linear functions, and both the excess relative risk (ERR) and excess absolute risk (EAR) were found to depend strongly on gender and attained age. Similar analyses evaluating risks of liver cancer and bone cancer mortality also indicate significant dose-response relationships. A cohort of offspring of Mayak workers are also being studied to evaluate the effects of in utero exposure on cancer risks. |