ZIA BC 010499 (ZIA) | |||
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Title | Maryland Prostate Cancer Case-Control Study | ||
Institution | NCI, Bethesda, MD | ||
Principal Investigator | Ambs, Stefan | NCI Program Director | N/A |
Cancer Activity | N/A | Division | CCR |
Funded Amount | $519,415 | Project Dates | 00/00/0000 - 00/00/0000 |
Fiscal Year | 2017 | Project Type | Intramural |
Research Topics w/ Percent Relevance | Cancer Types w/ Percent Relevance | ||
Biochemical Epidemiology (20.0%) Cancer (100.0%) |
Prostate (100.0%) | ||
Research Type | |||
Interactions of Genes and/or Genetic Polymorphisms with Exogenous and/or Endogenous Factors Resources and Infrastructure Related to Detection, Diagnosis, or Prognosis |
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Abstract | |||
The greater Baltimore area in Maryland has a large population of African-Americans and European-Americans, which makes this area most suitable to investigate differences in the exposure to prostate cancer risk factors among these two population groups. We designed a study that will use an integrated molecular epidemiology and translational research approach to examine causes for the excessive burden of prostate cancer among African-American men, including the study of tumor biological differences between African-American and European-American patients, supported by the collection of blood, urine, tissue samples, and survey data. Other epidemiological studies of prostate cancer have been established in recent years; however, only a few of these studies address the need for health disparity research and will have the opportunity to collect fresh-frozen tumor specimens from case subjects. Our study was implemented in two phases. The first phase, which started in April of 2005, constituted a pilot study to evaluate recruitment procedures. This phase was successful and the full study was initiated with minor changes to the protocol in April of 2006. The full study was completed in 2015 [976 cases (489 African-American and 487 European-American) and 1034 population-based controls (486 African-American and 548 European-American)]. We collected blood and urine from all individuals and paraffin-embedded and fresh-frozen tissue specimens form 135 prostatectomy surgeries. Cases are from two Baltimore hospitals, the Veterans Affairs Medical Center and the University of Maryland Medical Center. Cases have pathologically confirmed prostate cancer. They had a disease diagnosis within the last two years prior to recruitment and presented with prostate cancer at all stages of the disease. One-hundred and thirty-eight cases had advanced stage disease (n = 79 with T3 and n = 59 with T4 disease). Furthermore, we defined 823 patients as incident cases (422 African-American, 401 European-American) when they were recruited into the study within one year after the disease diagnosis, having an average interval between diagnosis and enrollment into our study of 4.8 months (4.4 months for African-American and 5.2 months for European-American men). The population-based controls were identified through the Maryland Department of Motor Vehicles database, and were frequency-matched by age and race to cases. The study involved the administration of a survey and collection of blood and urine from all study subjects. Fresh-frozen tumor specimens were obtained from cancer patients if they were available after prostatectomy. Our survey evaluates tobacco use, medication use, occupational history, diet, medical and sexual history, familial cancer history, and socioeconomic status. Current activities in this study include the collection of additional data from pathology and medical records to have clinicopathology for all cases and information on disease recurrence as available. We are also obtaining survival data from the National Death Index. In collaboration with Rick Kittles at the University of Arizona, we typed 864 cases and all controls for ancestry marker to obtain proportions of West African, Caucasian, and Native American ancestry in these men. The analysis of survey data is in ongoing. Our study is aimed at identifying differences in risk factor exposure and tumor biology between African-American and European-American men. We will test the hypothesis that environmental and genetic factors and their interactions contribute to the existing prostate cancer health disparity among African-Americans and European-Americans. Molecular work will be used to examine race/ethnic differences in tumor biology. Our research is also aimed at identifying environmental and inherited factors (e.g., infections and immune response, smoking exposure, ancestry-related factors, low penetrance susceptibility loci) that promote the development of an aggressive disease and specifi |